Located at the base of Munjoy Hill and just steps from the vibrant Washington Avenue corridor, Unit #101 at 106 Cumberland offers effortless first-floor living in this newly rebuilt condominium building. Enjoy easy access to the Eastern Promenade, Bayside breweries, Washington Ave restaurants, and local East End shops -- all from Portland's most walkable neighborhood. Completely renovated from the studs out, this thoughtfully designed two-bedroom layout features a primary bedroom with an en suite, tiled shower, and walk-in closet, plus a second full bedroom and bath for guests. The open-concept kitchen is ideal for everyday living and entertaining, and includes stainless steel appliances, granite countertops, and ample cabinetry. The kitchen flows seamlessly into a bright living area highlighted by a bay window and abundant natural light. High-quality Anderson 400-series windows throughout keep traffic noise at a minimum. Additional features include energy-efficient mini-split systems for heat & AC, durable vinyl and tile flooring, in-unit laundry, parking available, and dedicated basement storage. An exceptional opportunity for low-maintenance living in one of Portland's most desirable neighborhoods.
OPEN HOUSE 4-6PM FRIDAY APRIL 3. SELLERS WILL CONSIDER ALL REASONABLE OFFERS for this move in sunny condo. 2 Bedrooms, 2 full baths, and 2 dedicated parking spaces. It is located by nearby hospitals and medical facilities making it an IDEAL LOCATION for HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS . This inviting condo showcases sunlight,wood floors throughout, granite and stainless kitchen finishes. Ideally located along one of Portlands most vibrant streets, places you within moments of art museum, theatres and galleries for cultural evenings. Boutique shopping, cafes and chef driven restaurants. This setting offers the perfect blend of energy and charm-a neighborhood thats both walkable and wonderfully livable. Schedule your showing today
Welcome to this bright and inviting corner unit at Stevens Square, offering easy, low-maintenance living in a desirable 55+ community. This spacious three-bedroom layout features an open-concept design with a sun-filled living room, private balcony, and seamless flow into the dining area and kitchen--complete with abundant pantry storage. A thoughtfully designed separate bedroom wing provides privacy, including a generous primary suite with a large bath and walk-in closet, along with two additional bedrooms ideal for guests, a home office, or hobbies. Additional highlights include a one-car garage space and ample guest parking. Set on the historic grounds of the ''Motherhouse,'' this special location is directly across from Evergreen Cemetery and abuts Baxter Woods, a beautiful City of Portland park with walking trails and natural surroundings. Residents also enjoy access to a nearby community center with saltwater pool, fitness classes, nutrition programs and more adding to the lifestyle and sense of connection Stevens Square is known for.
Welcome to the Historic William Vaughan House, ideally located on Portland's highly coveted Western Promenade. Converted into two two townhouse condos in 1870, this elegant, sun-filled three-story residence comprising the right side of the building offers seasonal water views and 2,450 sq. ft. of distinctive living space. Rich in historic detail, the home features beautiful architectural finishes, tall ceilings and windows, and pumpkin pine floors throughout. The first floor offers a gracious living room, a formal dining room, and an updated kitchen with an additional dining area, ideal for both everyday living and entertaining. An expansive pantry and laundry area complete this level. The second floor includes two spacious bedrooms, one of which is the primary suite. The third floor features an additional bedroom, a full bathroom, and a large loft currently used as a home office and library, with the flexibility to convert to a fourth bedroom. The private outdoor space provides a peaceful retreat, featuring a charming brick patio ideal for outdoor dining, established perennials and ornamental trees, a fenced yard, and a delightful garden shed. Ideally situated just steps from the Western Promenade and Waynflete School, this home is also within walking distance of Maine Medical Center, downtown Portland, and the waterfront, with easy access to the Amtrak station and Portland International Jetport.
51 Melbourne in Portland's East End offers the feel and quiet of an oceanside suburb with all the amenities of a city, all within easy walking distance. The location provides easy walking access to both the ocean and city center: steps from the Eastern Promenade; less than a 20-minute walk to the Old Port and Commercial Street waterfront; and less than a 10-minute walk to over 15 eateries along Washington Avenue Restaurant Row. - One block to the east offers expansive views of Casco Bay from the Eastern Promenade with plenty of open public space to picnic and relax while enjoying the views - One block to the west brings you to Fort Sumner Park, aka The Top of the World, with spectacular sunsets and expansive city and bay views to the west, and a clearly visible Mount Washington in New Hampshire on the northwest horizon - Less than 3-minute drive to the East End public boat ramp on the Eastern Promenade, for easy water access to Casco Bay and its many islands - Less than 10-minute walk to East End School, grades PK-5 - Private driveway that can accommodate 3 cars or a small boat and 2 cars - Peaceful back yard with porch overlooking the largest tree of its species in Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont - Family-owned property since the 1940s, first time on the market - Desirable corner lot with potential to build up for spectacular, unobstructed Casco Bay views to the east, and northwest views of Blackstrap Hill in Falmouth - Ideally priced to quality renovate and modernize to your own specifications. Why pay more when you can save money and design exactly as you please? - Single-family home privacy at less than half of the average nearby condo cost
Discover the perfect blend of historic charm and modern convenience in this spacious and sunny 2 bedroom condo located in the coveted West End of Portlands downtown peninsula. This unit offers fabulous water views of Portland Harbor. Relax on your deck and watch the boats and all the activity of a working waterfront. The unit features oversized windows, high ceilings and wood floors throughout. The spacious eat in kitchen has rich cherry cabinets and stainless steel appliances. Enjoy the conveniences of in unit laundry, additional storage and 1 designated, off street parking space. Plus a private fenced in yard for owners use. Don't miss this rare opportunity to experience the ultimate Portland lifestyle in this perfectly positioned condo unit in the quiet West End, yet just a short walk to World class dining, shops and the cobblestone charm of the Old Port.
OPEN HOUSE - Sunday March 14th, 11:30am - 12:30pm. Just completed and ready for you to move-in and there's even a beautiful sod lawn and deck underneath the snow waiting for you to enjoy this Spring! First floor living with living room, dining, kitchen, primary suite, laundry and powder room all on the main floor! Upstairs you'll find two additional bedrooms and a full bath. This beautiful new construction home was just styled and is move-in ready. The home showcases real wood floors, luxurious tiled bathrooms with radiant heating, and elegant custom cabinetry. Enjoy soaring 9' ceilings and oversized windows that flood the space with natural light. The inviting living room, complete with a gas fireplace, sets the stage for memorable gatherings, while the gourmet kitchen features semi-custom cabinetry, quartz countertops, a tiled backsplash, and stainless-steel appliances. Retreat to the first-floor primary suite, where relaxation awaits with a generous walk-in closet and a beautiful bath adorned with double vanities and a custom-tiled shower. Discover the friendly community of Stroudwater Preserve, where elegant, energy-efficient new homes await you in a beautifully designed subdivision. Explore the convenience of our prime location, just moments from Portland's trails, shops, downtown, and more. Experience all that Stroudwater Preserve has to offer, and don't miss your chance to make this remarkable community your new home!
What an opportunity - Just being built now is this 3-bedroom, 1.5 baths home with parking! Come live in a wonderful neighborhood near Payson Park and Baxter Boulevard. Easy access to I295, the Portland Peninsula as well as the Washington Ave businesses. These homes will be close to everything! This unit will have a dedicated parking space with a conduit ready for your EV addition, as well as a storage shed and raised garden bed. Solar power conduit also to be installed for your convenience. Easy ownership is the key here. Stay cozy warm (and pleasantly cool) with the efficient heat pumps. Phase 3 of the Front St Condominium association. Ready for occupancy June/July 2026
NEWLY COMPLETE- TOUR OUR STAGED UNIT! West End charm meets modern luxury. Historically inspired, sophisticated and energy efficient--these new construction town houses will be ready for occupancy this fall. With thoughtful design inside and out, the condo units will live more like a (low maintenance) gracious single family. This exciting reuse of an underutilized lot in one of Portland's most desirable neighborhoods will allow Buyers to experience all the perks of modern living without sacrificing the character that makes Portland so desirable. Large windows on three sides and multiple private outdoor spaces will welcome the outdoors in. Garage parking for two vehicles, electric car chargers and a versatile first floor suite (which can be customized as an office, den, guest suite or even ADU) set the entry level space apart. Elevated primary living space complete with expansive front and rear porches and gas fireplace, enables flexible year round entertaining. The layout offers multiple ensuite bedroom configuration for a total of 4 bedrooms and 4.5 bathrooms. Private elevator and roof top deck space available to add to the already lengthy list of amenities. The building is ready for it's first stewards, schedule a tour today!
Enjoy easy living in Portland's coveted West End with glimpses of Casco Bay and the working waterfront from your private deck. This freshly painted 1,000 sq ft condo offers a bright, comfortable layout and an unbeatable location just moments from the Old Port, Arts District, and neighborhood cafés. Large high-efficiency Marvin windows bring in beautiful natural light throughout. The home features updated mechanicals including a heat pump with air conditioning and gas-fired direct vent hot water baseboard heat, providing efficient comfort year-round. One of the standout features? A deeded covered parking space, a true luxury in the West End, along with a private storage unit conveniently located next to the parking space, offering practical additional storage.The association permits pets, and the unit is vacant and easy to show. Whether you're seeking a full-time residence or a Portland pied-à-terre, this condo offers low-maintenance living in one of the city's most desirable neighborhoods. Move-in ready and waiting for its next chapter.
Unit 304 at Stevens Square Re-Imagined! This unit has been redesigned to include an extra 600 sq ft of prime living space! Located in Building 3, Stevens Square at Baxter Woods and ready for your finishing touches! This growing new neighborhood is on its way to be one of the most exciting places to live in Portland Maine! Stevens Square represents Portland's first 55+ condominium community adjacent to hundreds of acres of woods and walking trails. Complete with convenient dog washes, crackling fire pits, and available community center with saltwater pool and gym, this 3rd floor park facing unit has it all. Nicely balanced living spaces focused with designer chosen appointments, including ensuite bedrooms, private deck and lots of wonderful light. Enjoy the large gathering room and sky deck at your fingertips. Covered parking and storage also included. A well-rounded life begins at the Square!
Set on Munjoy Hill just a couple of blocks from the Eastern Prom and East End Beach, this second floor condo stands out for its smart layout and easy East End lifestyle. Sunlight moves freely through the connected living and dining spaces, with hardwood floors throughout and a nicely updated kitchen and bath. The two bedrooms sit on opposite sides of the full bath, a thoughtful design that gives the home both flow and privacy. A rear deck offers a peaceful outdoor spot, while front windows catch a soft glimpse of Casco Bay. The surrounding neighborhood is known for its vibrant atmosphere and proximity to the waterfront trail, green spaces, cafés, bakeries, and popular local spots along Washington Avenue. The nearby Eastern Promenade and beach offer year-round recreation, from relaxing by the shoreline to enjoying open parkland and pet-friendly outdoor areas. Offered furnished and near the shoreline, this is a comfortable, well-balanced home in one of Portland's most scenic and desirable settings.
Beautifully renovated Cape offering the perfect blend of modern updates and everyday comfort in a convenient Portland location. Enjoy easy access to shopping, dining, walking trails, and I-295. thoughtfully updated interior designed for today's lifestyle. The bright, open-concept kitchen and dining area features new cabinetry, quartz countertops, and stainless steel appliances, flowing seamlessly into inviting living spaces filled with natural light. A first-floor bedroom adds flexibility and convenience, ideal for single-level living, guests, or a home office. Extensive improvements include new vinyl siding, new roofing, new doors, new flooring, a new heating system, fully renovated bathrooms, and fresh paint throughout. Move-in ready and designed for easy living--this home is ready to welcome its next owner.
Be the first to live in this brand-new, zero-energy-ready 1BR condo at Dougherty Commons, ready for move-in December 2025. This first-floor home features a private entrance, high ceilings, and large windows for great natural light. Enjoy a modern kitchen with new stainless-steel appliances, a bright open layout, and in-unit washer/dryer hookups--perfect for low-maintenance, energy-efficient living. This home is ideal for buyers looking for a stylish, efficient space close to everything. Located right next to the Dougherty Fields complex (playground, outdoor pool, skate park, sports fields, basketball court), The #1, #4, #5, #7 & #9 Metro bus lines are adjacent, and the Portland Transportation Center with access to the Amtrak Downeaster train and Concord Coach buses is .5 mile. These services run south to Boston and New York, and north to Bangor via Midcoast or Central Maine. Metro's Breez bus also runs from the Transportation Center offering routes to Yarmouth, Freeport, and Brunswick. Prices & Household Size: Project is subsidized; Buyer must be at or under $90,900 gross income per year for one person, or $103,850 for two people (but it's ok to just have one person on the deed and mortgage and only count one person's income.) There are resale restrictions to ensure permanent affordability. Seller is willing to give concessions to Buyer at closing.
Vibrant community in the coveted Eastern Promenade neighborhood on Munjoy Hill. Enjoy the sunrise, a cup of coffee, and 4th of July fireworks from your private, covered, east-facing terrace with views of Casco Bay. This charming unit boasts engineered hardwood throughout with moisture barrier and soundproofing in the main living space. A cozy foyer contains space for a home office or sitting area, a closet and in-unit laundry room with overhead storage complete the first level. Up the few stairs you are greeted with a custom-made kitchen with cherry cabinets, backsplash, and bar top made by a local craftsman, Italian granite countertops, and stainless appliances. The dining/living room provides ample sunlight and custom motorized blinds. The bath offers a deep soaker tub with shower and ceramic floor/tile. The closet doors in the bedroom are made of poplar and sourced from a home on Nantucket. Just steps away you can enjoy everything living on the Eastern Promenade offers: Fort Sumner and Fort Allen parks for a 'top of the world view' of the city, East End Beach, summer concerts, ocean views, ballfields, lazy picnics in the grass, tennis and basketball courts, community gardens, winter sledding, food trucks, restaurants, shops, easy trail access to Baxter Boulevard and public transportation. This property offers security and 24-hour closed-circuit video with locked exterior doors and passkeys. Some of the amenities you'll enjoy: new EV charging stations, covered parking space, 2 more lots for additional parking/guests, a spacious lobby complete with a relaxing sitting area and gas fireplace, an outdoor in-ground heated swimming pool with umbrella tables, chairs, lounges, and separate space with fire pit and gas grill, fitness center with commercial-grade equipment, indoor bike storage, large community room for parties, and library.
Permit submitted and starting construction Spring 2026 with Dec. 2026 occupancy. Welcome to Stroudwater Preserve, where elegant living meets breathtaking natural beauty. This exquisite single-level home is nestled in the heart of the neighborhood. The thoughtfully designed floor plan includes open concept living, dining, and kitchen areas that create an inviting space for entertaining and quality time with loved ones along with an unfinished daylight basement that could be finished for additional space. The living room is enhanced by a cozy fireplace, creating the perfect ambiance for chilly evenings. Spacious semi-custom kitchen boasting beautiful cabinetry, quartz counters, a tiled backsplash, and stainless steel appliances. As you explore this single level living home, you'll be delighted with the first-floor primary suite that exudes both luxury and comfort. Complete with a walk-in closet and a private bath featuring a water closet, double vanities, and a custom-tiled shower, this sanctuary is designed for ultimate relaxation. In addition to the primary suite, this home offers two additional bedrooms, one of which can be transformed into a home office to suit your needs. A second full bath, a powder room, mud room, and a family room on the second floor provide additional versatility and space. Come immerse yourself in the beauty of this remarkable community and indulge in a lifestyle that exemplifies elegance, comfort, and natural splendor while offering a convenient location and access to Portland trails.
Welcome to Aurora -- eco-lux, single level living in Portland's West End. This 12-unit, Scandinavian-inspired condominium development sets a new standard for sustainable design and refined urban living. Each single-level flat offers between 1,523sf and 1,642sf, 3 bedrooms, 2.5 baths, private deck, fireplace, laundry room, and expansive open-concept kitchen/living/dining space--no stairs, no compromises. Finishes are high-end throughout, with SieMatic cabinetry, Fisher & Paykel appliances, Kohler fixtures, custom tile, and real hardwood floors. All units include heated 1-car garage parking with EV and e-bike charging, generous storage, efficient heat and A/C, and access to shared amenities: pet wash, workshop, and storage for kayaks, paddle-boards, and bikes. Built to near-passive house standards with a rooftop solar array, Aurora provides low cost of ownership, with HOA fees estimated at 495/month. Pets welcome. Rentals allowed with a 30-day minimum. All homes are elevated off the street and served by a high-speed elevator. Every unit enjoys historic neighborhood views, while upper floors afford sweeping vistas from sunrise to sunset, spanning Portland Harbor to the Mount Washington range. Located in one of America's top-rated small cities, Aurora provides immediate access to grocers, galleries, gastro pubs, parks, playgrounds, and pubs--as well as Maine Medical Center, one of New England's leading hospitals, and Portland's historic West End and vibrant Arts District. Pricing: 1.495M-1.895M. Occupancy: Spring/Summer 2027. Visit the project website for complete details and to set a meeting at the showroom/sales office. The first three buyers will receive an additional 20K for customization. Full details @ auroraportland website.
Experience elevated living at 58 Cumberland Avenue, Portland's newest boutique development. Nestled atop Munjoy Hill in Portland's vibrant East End and blending timeless craftsmanship with modern sophistication, each residence offers 2 to 3 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms, and open-concept layouts ranging from 1,000 to nearly 1,500 SF. Expansive Marvin windows, 9-foot ceilings, and wide-plank hickory floors create light-filled interiors with a refined sense of space. Unit 5 enjoys a private balcony and thoughtfully designed living space ideal for entertaining or unwinding in style. The chef-inspired kitchen showcases exquisite custom cherry cabinetry from Cabico, complemented by Vadara Quartz countertops, an elegant tile backsplash, and high end Cafe Series appliances. Spacious and tranquil bedrooms prioritize comfort and privacy, creating a serene retreat. Luxurious bathrooms boast custom Cabico vanities complete with stylish Kohler fixtures, alongside designer tile showers and flooring sourced from Tilebar creating a truly sophisticated yet functional feel. Each energy-efficient, fully electric unit is equipped with Mitsubishi in-ceiling heat pumps, ERV systems, and premium insulation to ensure year-round comfort. The building also offers heated garage parking with EV charging infrastructure for added convenience. Located just steps from the vibrant Washington Ave corridor and Eastern Promenade, residents enjoy seamless access to top restaurants, local shops, and Portland's picturesque waterfront. Experience luxury, location, and lifestyle redefined at 58 Cumberland. For more information, please visit the development section of Portside's website.
This distinguished Federal-style brick building is in the heart of Portland's coveted West End. Built in 1830, the property currently operates as the renowned Percy Inn, a six-bedroom bed and breakfast, but can easily be converted back to a gracious single-family home. Stroll down the brick-lined sidewalks of Pine Street and you will approach the distinguished building with its wrought iron fencing around the front garden area, crisp green shutters, and grand front doors. As it is the end unit of a row of homes, it is gifted with additional windows, flooding the rooms with light. The interior features soaring ceilings, exquisite period woodwork, a sweeping curved staircase, and generously sized bedrooms-each with its own bath. All this combines to create an exceptional foundation for a remarkable historic residence. There is also an adjacent land parcel available for purchase should you wish to expand your lot size and make this a truly glorious retreat in the city. An extraordinary offering with endless potential in one of Portland's most desirable neighborhoods.
This beautifully appointed south-facing 1,166 sq. ft. condo offers the perfect blend of comfort, convenience, and location, featuring a spacious primary bedroom, plus a versatile space ideal for a home office or guest room. Relax on your expansive private patio overlooking the terrace-perfect for entertaining-or unwind indoors by the fireplace. Additional highlights include customized closets throughout, bathroom with radiant in-floor heat, a separate storage unit and a coveted garage parking spot, providing both ease and practicality in the heart of the city. Nestled between Portland's bustling Old Port and the vibrant East End, this home places you just moments from award-winning restaurants, shops, and waterfront trails.
We are so excited to present to you, Building 3, Stevens Square at Baxter Woods! This growing new neighborhood is on its way to be one of the most exciting places to live in Portland Maine! Stevens Square represents Portland's first 55+ condominium community adjacent to hundreds of acres of woods and walking trails. This 3 BR corner unit faces Baxter Woods. Complete with convenient dog washes, crackling fire pits, and available community center with saltwater pool and gym. Nicely balanced living spaces focused with designer chosen appointments, private deck and lots of wonderful light. Enjoy the large gathering room and communal deck. Covered parking and storage also included. A well-rounded life begins at the Square.
A three-minute walk from the Portland Museum of Art, the State Theatre, and numerous superior restaurants, this lovely 2 bedroom, 1 bath condo, located in The Malborough--a 1910 Portland landmark--is not to be missed! Its many attributes include the building's solidity, functional design for multiple units, gracious shared foyers, back stairs, clear entries, and well-thought out spaces. The management's pride in caring for this wonderful historic building is evident in its condition, the grounds, and the high value available here. The landmark welcomes with an octagonal lobby, decorative woodwork, and terrazzo floors. Gracious, tall ceilings, period millwork, and double-paned Pella windows in the unit create a bright, airy feel that marries vintage character with modern comfort. Recent updates include fresh interior paint throughout and new overhead lighting. Outside, during warmer months, residents enjoy a charming shared backyard garden, a peaceful spot to read, relax, or entertain. Perfect if you are looking for a new home, investment property or or home away from home! In addition, the seller is offering $600 at closing toward the purchase of a new kitchen stove.
Ready for Summer 2026, this beautiful ''Willow'' home in Stroudwater Preserve is currently being built and offers a bright, open layout perfect for modern living. With four bedrooms, 2.5 baths, and plenty of space, this two-story home is ideal for anyone who loves room to spread out. The main floor feels warm and inviting with a spacious kitchen, dining, and living area all connected. Big windows and a sliding door open up to the rear yard. The kitchen has nice cabinetry, quartz counters, a big island, stainless steel appliances, and a walk-in pantry. Plus, there's a home office, mudroom, and laundry room on this level for everyday convenience. Upstairs, the primary bedroom is spacious, offers a generous walk-in closet, and a spa-like bathroom with a double vanity and tiled shower. There are three more bedrooms and a great hall bath for family or guests. Built with energy efficiency in mind, this home features heat pumps for heating and cooling, Zip R insulated sheathing, an energy recovery ventilator, and a dehumidifier to keep things comfortable. Step outside and enjoy an active lifestyle with quick access to Portland Trails right in the neighborhood and great for walking, biking, or snowshoeing. Plus, downtown Portland, I-295, I-95, and the Jetport are all close by for easy commuting or travel.
Beautifully Renovated Home in the Heart of East Deering! Welcome to 566 Washington Ave, a completely remodeled home where classic Portland character meets modern design and comfort. This property has been thoughtfully updated from top to bottom, offering a new owner the rare opportunity to move right into a home where everything is brand new. Inside, you'll find a bright, open layout with new flooring, fresh finishes, and an updated kitchen featuring new cabinetry, countertops, and appliances. The bathrooms have been fully renovated with modern fixtures and clean, timeless style. New systems, windows, and mechanicals provide peace of mind and efficiency for years to come. Located in Portland's desirable East Deering neighborhood, this home offers the perfect balance of convenience and community. Just minutes from downtown Portland, Back Cove, local shops, restaurants, and easy access to I 295, the location makes everyday living simple and connected while still feeling residential. Whether it's your first home, you are a downsizer, or someone looking for a low maintenance home in a strong neighborhood, this property delivers modern living without the wait or hassle of renovations. A turnkey home in a well established Portland neighborhood is a rare find. This one is ready for you.
Stevens Square Re-Imagined! Building 3, Stevens Square at Baxter Woods! This growing new neighborhood is on its way to be one of the most exciting places to live in Portland Maine! Stevens Square represents Portland's first 55+ condominium community adjacent to hundreds of acres of woods and walking trails. Complete with convenient dog washes, crackling fire pits, and available community center with saltwater pool and gym, this 4th floor woods facing unit has it all. Nicely balanced living spaces focused with designer chosen appointments, including primary suite and 2 additional bedrooms! This floorplan is unique in that for the first few months of the marketing period, the owner can choose a 2 or 3 BR layout for this unit! Enjoy private deck and lots of wonderful light. Enjoy the large gathering room and sky deck at your fingertips. Covered parking and storage also included. A well-rounded life begins at the Square!


Portland is located in Maine. Portland, Maine has a population of 68,063. Portland is less family-centric than the surrounding county with 28.1% of the households containing married families with children. The county average for households married with children is 30.7%.
The median household income in Portland, Maine is $66,109. The median household income for the surrounding county is $80,679 compared to the national median of $69,021. The median age of people living in Portland is 36.9 years.
The average high temperature in July is 78.8 degrees, with an average low temperature in January of 10.8 degrees. The average rainfall is approximately 48.9 inches per year, with 61 inches of snow per year.