Courtesy: Citiwide Properties Corp.
972-805-4399
Beautiful home in Paloma Creek, great location off 380. Very well kept and clean, perfect for first-time homeowners. Come by to view this home, you won't be disappointed! Ready to move in. Call me for an appointment today.
Courtesy: Keller Williams Prosper Celina
972-382-8882
**New Roof November 2025!** Welcome to 912 Alton Drive in Aubrey, Texas! This warm and inviting home is designed with family living in mind. From its open layout to its comfortable backyard, every detail makes it easy to relax, entertain, and create lasting memories. Step inside to a bright, open-concept living area where the family can gather for movie nights or game days. The spacious kitchen features plenty of counter space, granite countertops, an abundance of cabinets for storage, stainless steel appliances, a walk-in pantry, and a large island that’s perfect for family meals or helping kids with homework while dinner cooks. The primary suite offers parents a quiet retreat, complete with a walk-in closet and private bathroom. Three additional bedrooms are just right for kids, guests, or even a playroom or home office. Out back, you’ll find a large private yard with room to run, play, or set up a swing set — perfect for backyard barbecues and summer fun. Located in a friendly, family-oriented neighborhood, this home is within walking distance of the community pool. Additional community amenities include soccer fields, a sand volleyball court, hike and bike trails, playgrounds, and a dog park. Costco, H-E-B, Frisco PGA Entertainment District, and the future Universal Studios are just a short drive away!
Courtesy: Berkshire HathawayHS PenFed TX
972-899-5600
SAVE$$$! MOTIVATED SELLER will consider contributing towards buyer expenses**LIKE-NEW & MOVE-IN READY 3 BEDROOM HOME on a LARGE CORNER LOT! Step inside to discover extensive wood-look tile flooring and an open-concept design anchored by a cozy fireplace. A split-bedroom layout ensures privacy, while modern cabinet hardware and LED lighting add a fresh, contemporary touch. The stylish kitchen is perfect for everyday living and entertaining, featuring granite countertops, stainless steel appliances, a breakfast bar, and a spacious pantry. A built-in cabinet system enhances the dining area, offering both charm and convenience. The secluded primary suite provides a relaxing retreat with a dual-sink vanity, soaking tub, separate shower, and a walk-in closet with built-ins. Ample storage is found throughout the home, including floored attic space above the garage for easy organization. Outdoors, enjoy a covered patio and a generous yard with room to relax or play. Silverado residents have access to a clubhouse, multiple pools, playgrounds, a dog park, pickleball, basketball, and picnic areas. Take a first-person look at this gorgeous home! Click the Virtual Tour link to see the 3D Tour!
Courtesy: Real Broker, LLC
713-357-6492
PREFERRED LENDER OFFERING up to $5,000 lender credit!! Welcome to your dream home in the vibrant Silverado community! This home has it all—an open-concept design perfect for entertaining, a private office with double doors, a 240-volt EV charging station, and an east-facing layout that floods the space with natural light. Just steps from the elementary school, you’ll enjoy unbeatable amenities including a sparkling pool, splash pad, playground, basketball, pickleball and tennis courts, clubhouse, scenic walking trails, green parks, and two catch-and-release lakes. Add in the convenience of nearby shopping, dining, and entertainment plus the bonus of a VA assumable loan, and this home is the total package!
Courtesy: EXP REALTY
888-519-7431
Experience refined living in this elegantly updated home nestled in the highly sought-after Paloma Creek community. This 5-bedroom, 3.5-bath home offers a spacious and versatile layout perfect for families of all sizes. The first floor boasts a bright, open-concept kitchen overlooking the family room—complete with a large walk-in pantry and abundant storage. A private study with French doors provides the ideal space for a home office or quiet retreat, while the secluded primary suite features double vanities, a garden tub, and a generous walk-in closet. With beautiful lighting throughout and an elegant electric fireplace this is luxury living with the perfect combination of style, space, and community. Upstairs, you’ll find four additional bedrooms and a large game room, perfect for entertaining or relaxing. Enjoy outdoor living in the fully fenced backyard with a lush lawn and gazebo—ideal for weekend barbecues or morning coffee. Located in a vibrant neighborhood with access to pools, parks, and walking trails, this home offers the perfect balance of comfort, space, and convenience. **Also for lease - MLS #21087184**
Courtesy: Monument Realty
214-705-7827
Welcome to your dream home backing to a lush green space—enjoy the beauty and privacy of mature trees right in your backyard! Located in a vibrant 410-acre master-planned community just north of US-380, this home is within walking distance to the community’s resort-style pool and amenity center, complete with clubhouse and on-site lifestyle director. You’ll love the miles of hike-and-bike trails, 13.5-acre park, sports fields, playgrounds, and scenic ponds—everything designed to support an active, connected lifestyle. Perfectly positioned near major employment hubs in Frisco, Plano, and the Tech Corridor, with quick access to DNT, 121, I-35E, and US-75 for an easy commute. Inside, the home features a contemporary design with abundant natural light, granite countertops, and a gas range in the spacious kitchen. The open-concept layout connects the kitchen, dining, and living areas—ideal for entertaining—with a covered patio extending the space outdoors. Downstairs also includes a dedicated office and a serene primary suite that offers a true retreat. Upstairs, a generous game room and well-sized secondary bedrooms provide comfort and flexibility. This home blends modern style, everyday convenience, and access to top-tier community amenities. Don’t miss your chance to live where nature, comfort, and community come together!
Courtesy: EBS Realty
...WELCOME HOME!! TO SETTLE ESTATE PRICE REDUCED! ...A TRUE CUSTOM BUILT FAMILY HOMESTEAD NESTLED IN THE HEART OF HISTORIC AUBREY DEFINING AUBREY'S FAMILY HISTORY AT ITS FINEST! FIRST OPPORTUNITY TO OWN THIS FAMILY HOMESTEAD OF OVER 6 DECADES AND THE LAND OF NEARLY A CENTURY. BE MESMERISED BY THE CHARM AND SPLENDOR OF THIS ONE FAMILY OWNED COTTAGE OF A GENTLER ERA AND ADORNED WITH THE TRUE DEFINITION OF THE PRIDE OF OWNERSHIP. SPACIOUS ROOMS, STORAGE GALORE, RECENT BRAND NEW ROOF, UPDATED FLOORING, AND SO MUCH MORE! DECLARE IT HOME BEFORE ITS GONE. MOVE FAST! WON'T LAST!
Courtesy: Briggs Freeman Sotheby's Int'l
972-202-5900
Charming Cross Oak Ranch Retreat! Welcome to this lovely 3-bedroom, 2-bathroom home in the desirable Cross Oak Ranch community. Designed for both comfort and functionality, the open-concept layout connects the living, dining, and kitchen areas seamlessly. A wood-burning fireplace adds warmth and charm, while the kitchen features modern appliances, a walk-in pantry, and abundant cabinet space. The primary suite is a true retreat with a spacious walk-in closet and en-suite bathroom offering dual sinks, a soaking tub, and separate shower. Two additional bedrooms provide versatility for guests, a home office, or hobbies. Step outside to your backyard oasis, complete with an extended covered patio—perfect for morning coffee, summer barbecues, or evenings under the stars. Cross Oak Ranch offers exceptional amenities, including community pools, ponds, basketball courts, playgrounds, and walking trails, making it a wonderful place to call home. Conveniently located near Lake Lewisville, abundant shopping, and dining, this property balances peaceful living with everyday convenience. Schedule your showing today and discover all this home has to offer!
Courtesy: LM Dorman Group
214-500-0686
MOTIVATED SELLERS! SELLERS WILLING TO CONTRIBUTE TOWARD UPDATES OR RATE BUY DOWN! Located on a cul de sac at the end of a half mile Private driveway sits a meticulously maintained single owner home. With over 5 acres, this property is a perfect combination of country living with city necessities close by. This 5 bedroom home has 3 bedrooms and 2 full bathrooms downstairs and 2 bedrooms, a Jack and Jill bathroom, and a game room upstairs. The kitchen has been updated with granite counters and black appliances. The large utility room is located off of the kitchen. The family room has a stunning stone, wood burning fireplace. Escape to the patio and pool area, the perfect oasis for relaxation. The heated pool has an attached spa, sun deck, and multiple water features. The half bath is conveniently located in the garage to be used as a cabana bath. In addition to this stunning home and tranquil pool, there are two pastures and multiple outbuildings. One pasture (almost 3 acres) has a custom iron gate and loafing shed. The outbuildings also include a 24' x 24' workshop with electricity, a 2 stall stable with tack room, a hay barn with additional storage, and a 2 car carport. The pastures have sand based top soil which is perfect for horses and livestock. Ag exemption is transferable. This property has it all!
Courtesy: Real
972-359-6250
Welcome to this immaculate NORTH FACING 3 bedroom 2 bath, open floor plan with a wonderful front porch for those Texas sunset evenings and steps away to the new community lake.This single-Story home in the heart of this master planned community of Silverado and with in walking distance to the New Elementary! The heart of the home is a chef’s kitchen complete with granite countertops, stainless steel appliances, a spacious center island with eat in bar seating, a gas range, and an oversized walk-in pantry. The adjoining living room features a cozy gas fireplace and abundant natural light—perfect for both everyday relaxation and entertaining. The primary suite is a private retreat with large windows, a soaking tub, separate shower, dual vanities, and a walk-in closet. Two additional bedrooms and a second full bath provide ample space for family, guests, or home office needs. Upgraded front landscaping as well as epoxy garage for the added touch. Step outside backyard on your covered back patio to a automatic garden to grow your own vegetables or flower garden.
Courtesy: eXp Realty, LLC
888-519-7431
Look no further you’ve officially struck real-estate gold! This is the most move-in-ready home in Aubrey, and yes… it’s perfectly priced for you. With a brand-new 2025 roof, a premium security system installed in 2024, PLUS an LG stainless steel fridge and Kenmore Elite washer & dryer included, this home is already checking all the boxes. Welcome to 8917 Tenderfoot—where space, comfort, and lifestyle collide in the best way possible. Tucked inside the sought-after, master-planned community of Cross Oak Ranch, you’ll have access to two resort-style pools, scenic walking trails, a community lake, stocked fishing ponds, and kid-approved neighborhood parks. The vibe? Friendly. Relaxed. The kind of place where the UPS driver not only knows your dog… they greet them by name. Step inside to find 3 bedrooms + a versatile loft, an open-concept main floor with a roomy family space, a wood-burning fireplace, and an inviting eat-in kitchen featuring stainless steel appliances and granite countertops. Out back, a charming covered patio makes the perfect spot for morning coffee or evening unwinding. And if you're waiting for a sign to make your move… this is it. Financing perks you’ll love Get a 4.99% rate Or snag the VA assumable loan at 3.375% Ask about ZERO down payment and 8 months with NO payments Your next chapter is calling...this home is ready when you are
Courtesy: Turner Mangum,LLC
LENNAR - Highpointe Ranch - This single-level home showcases a spacious open floorplan shared between the kitchen, dining area and family room for easy entertaining during gatherings. An owner’s suite enjoys a private location in a rear corner of the home, complemented by an en-suite bathroom and walk-in closet. There are two secondary bedrooms along the side of the home, which are comfortable spaces for household members and overnight guests.
Courtesy: Keller Williams Lonestar DFW
817-795-2500
Ready for immediate move-in!!! Tucked into a quiet cul-de-sac, this 4BR beauty delivers space, style, and convenience—only minutes from Hwy 380, the Dallas North Tollway, and I-35 for fast, easy access to Denton, Frisco, and the entire DFW Metroplex. Located in the highly regarded Denton ISD. Designed for both gathering and everyday comfort—the open-concept kitchen, living, and dining flow together seamlessly, with a breakfast bar perfect for quick bites or conversation while cooking. The primary suite is privately located downstairs. Upstairs, you’ll find generous secondary bedrooms plus a true media room already set up for movie night or gaming—projector, speakers, and dimmable lighting all convey. Love outdoor living? The backyard is pool-sized with room to play, entertain, or design your dream oasis. Enjoy an oversized open patio PLUS a covered patio with a built-in propane line for the grill—ideal for year-round cookouts. BONUS: 3-car garage with additional walk-out door to backyard. SOLAR screens are included—low utility bills and fully paid off for the next owner. This is the perfect blend of location, layout, and lifestyle—all in one home. Ready for immediate enjoyment! Outdoor patio shines with a pool-sized backyard and a large open patio plus a covered patio equipped with propane piping for your grill, ideal for year-round cookouts and gatherings. Solar screens also come with low utilities and are fully transferable with no balance owed to new owners. Additional Door leading from garage to backyard.
Courtesy: EXP REALTY
888-519-7431
Discover your private retreat in this beautifully maintained home, ideally positioned on a corner lot across from a peaceful greenbelt and neighborhood park. With its inviting curb appeal and thoughtfully designed layout, this home offers comfort, style, and convenience. Step inside to an open-concept floor plan featuring a dedicated formal dining area—perfect for hosting holiday gatherings and special occasions. The spacious living room boasts a cozy fireplace and flows seamlessly into the kitchen, allowing effortless conversation and connection. The main-level primary suite offers everyday ease, complete with a spa-like ensuite bath featuring ample storage, a separate shower, and a generous walk-in closet. Upstairs, all additional bedrooms provide extra privacy, along with a versatile loft space perfect for a game room, home gym, or office. Enjoy outdoor living in the privacy-fenced backyard with a patio slab—ideal for weekend grilling or relaxing evenings under the stars. Located close to excellent schools, popular dining spots, and multiple nearby parks, this home checks all the boxes for comfort, location, and lifestyle.
Courtesy: Historymaker Homes
MLS# 21046743 - Built by HistoryMaker Homes - Ready Now! ~ Welcome to the Basswood! Experience modern living in this stunning 2025-built traditional single-family residence located in the desirable Keeneland subdivision. Spanning 1,824 square feet, this thoughtfully designed home offers 3 spacious bedrooms, including a primary suite with a luxurious bathroom that features a dual sink vanity, two walk-in closets, a garden tub and separate shower! The open floorplan is perfect for entertaining with a seamless flow from the kitchen into the family room. The kitchen boasts 42 inch cabinets, quartz countertops, and a built-in cook top and separate oven! The landscaped yard is complemented by a covered patio, making it ideal for outdoor gatherings. Located within the Aubrey ISD, this home is a perfect blend of comfort and style. Come check out why Keeneland and HistoryMaker Homes is a perfect fit for your new home search!
Courtesy: HomesUSA.com
888-872-6006
MLS# 21031849 - Built by Coventry Homes - Const. Completed Nov 03 2025 ~ Built on an impressive 60-foot lot, this home combines functionality with modern luxury - featuring a private office, a large media room for movie nights, and a thoughtful layout with both the primary and a secondary bedroom conveniently located on the first floor. Upstairs, you’ll find 3 additional bedrooms and generous living space, perfect for growing households or guests. Entertain effortlessly in the open-concept living area, or retreat to the spacious backyard for outdoor enjoyment. Located in an active master planned community with incredible amenities including pools, walking trails, fitness center, and events that bring neighbors together — you’ll love the lifestyle as much as the home. Don’t miss your chance to live in one of Aubrey’s most exciting and thriving neighborhoods!
Courtesy: Mark Spain Real Estate
Discover unparalleled luxury in this breathtaking 2-year-young, 2-story brick masterpiece in the coveted Silverado West community of Cross Roads, TX! This 4-bedroom, 2.5-bath haven boasts an expansive oversized lot and is just a short stroll from West Elementary School. Step inside to find two vibrant living areas perfect for entertaining, paired with a show-stopping open-concept kitchen featuring a grand island, premium gas range, and sleek quartz countertops. The downstairs primary suite is a serene escape, while a dedicated office space elevates your work-from-home experience. Modern comforts shine with an on-demand water heater, advanced water purification system, and quartz-topped bathrooms. Don’t miss your chance to own this pristine, family-friendly gem that blends cutting-edge design with prime location—schedule your tour today!
Courtesy: Visions Realty & Investments
817-288-5510
NEW! NEVER LIVED IN. Ready to Close! Introducing the Violet IV floor plan, a breathtaking two-story home perfectly designed for modern living with 5 bedrooms and 4 baths. Set on an interior lot, this home showcases a stunning all-brick facade and a grand 8' 5-Lite Front Door for an impressive entrance. Entertain in style in the elegant Formal Dining Room or relax on the spacious Covered Porch. The Deluxe Kitchen, a chef’s dream, features Shaker-style cabinetry, upgraded Quartz countertops, a custom backsplash, wood vent hood, pot and pan drawers, under-cabinet lighting, and stainless steel appliances including a gas cooktop—all accentuating the space’s form and function. Engineered floors flow through all main living areas, blending seamlessly with vaulted ceilings, stylish electrical upgrades, and designer tile and carpet selections throughout. Added touches like window coverings, and charming window seats enhance comfort and visual appeal. Retreat to the luxurious Primary Suite with an ensuite bath featuring Quartz countertops in all bathrooms and a walk-in closet, while upstairs, the Game Room and Media Room offer flexible space for entertainment. A spacious mud room with a built-in bench, gutters, a tankless water heater, and a gas drop on the patio for grilling round out the home’s thoughtful features. Located in an amenity-filled community with a clubhouse, playground, and more—this Violet IV plan delivers elegance, convenience, and comfort at every turn.
Courtesy: Monument Realty
214-705-7827
North East Facing Home! Premium lot with larger elevation, David Weekly built in 2023, tons of upgrades!! Step into this stunning 4-bedroom, 3-bath home where comfort meets modern elegance. With over 2,200 square feet of beautifully designed space, every room showcases immaculate finishes and thoughtful upgrades. From the open-concept living and dining area—ideal for entertaining guests or enjoying a cozy family night—to the gourmet kitchen, ready for your next recipe, this home balances everyday function with a modern stylish flair. The serene primary suite offers a private retreat and a spa-inspired bathroom featuring a walk in shower and dual sinks. A spacious walk-in closet keeps things organized and stress-free. Living here means access to resort-style amenities including an Olympic-sized pool, fitness center, splash pad, massive three-story treehouse, stocked fishing lakes, dog park, and over six miles of scenic biking and walking trails. Just 15 minutes from the PGA and upcoming Universal Studios, adding extra convenience to your weekend plans, this home blends everyday living with destination appeal. Sellers willing to sell Fully Furnished!
Courtesy: EXP REALTY
888-519-7431
HOME IN GREAT CONDITION 4-Bedroom, 3-Bath Two-Story Home in Silverado – Investor Opportunity Appraised at $366,000 Discover an excellent investment opportunity in the highly desirable Silverado community in Aubrey, Texas. This spacious four-bedroom, three-bathroom two-story home offers incredible potential and is appraised at $366,000 — well below current market value. Perfectly positioned just steps away from the neighborhood pool and playground, this home offers convenience and lifestyle appeal in a growing community known for its family-friendly amenities and proximity to top-rated schools, shopping, and major commuter routes. Inside, the home features an open and flexible layout, ideal for customization. With two stories of living space and multiple bedrooms, it’s well-suited for families, rental potential, or value-added renovations. Important Notice: The property is being sold as-is, with no repairs. BUILDER WARRANTIES are still in effect. All offers must be submitted subject to lender (bank) approval. Opportunities like this are rare in a sought-after area like Aubrey. Whether you're an investor, flipper, or savvy buyer, this property offers significant upside.
Courtesy: TDRealty
Beautiful two-story home on a cul-de-sac featuring a charming front balcony and spacious, open layout. Kitchen includes granite countertops, stainless steel appliances, pendant lighting, and an oversized island with breakfast-bar seating. A stone-accented fireplace anchors the living area. Interior features include arched doorways, recessed lighting, ceiling fans, and window blinds throughout. Enjoy the privacy of a fenced backyard that backs to greenbelt space, complete with a covered patio perfect for entertaining. Located in a highly amenitized community offering a private water park, spray park, clubhouse, tennis courts, basketball, sand volleyball, soccer and baseball fields, scenic trails, and multiple playgrounds.
Courtesy: Keller Williams Frisco Stars
972-712-9898
1 STORY, LENNAR SMART HOME HAS NEW CARPET AND COMPLETE INTERIOR PAINT. CLOSE TO HIGHWAYS 380 AND DALLAS NORTH TOLLWAY, SHOPPING, RESTAURANTS, AND NEW FRISCO PGA.OPEN FLOORPLAN FEATURES LED LIGHTING AND RIGID CORE VYNAL WOOD PLANK FLOORING IN ALL COMMON AREAS.KITCHEN HAS QUARTZ COUNTERTOPS FEATURING FULL HEIGHT DECORATIVE TILE BACKSPLASH, 36 INCH UPPER WALL CABINETRY WITH CROWN MOULDING, GE STAINLESS STEEL APPLIANCES, AND BREAKFAST NOOK.KITCHEN ISLAND HAS MOEN CHROME SINGLE LEVER FAUCET.LARGE PRIMARY BEDROOM HAS SITTING AREA.PRIMARY BATHROOM FEATURES DUAL SINKS, MOEN CHROME FAUCETS AND SHOWER HEADS IN OVERSIZED SEPARATE SHOWER. TOILETS ARE SOFT CLOSE.LARGE WALK IN CLOSET. UTILITY ROOM IS SEPARATE WITH FULL SIZE WASHER DRYER AREA, AND SMART HOME HUB.RADIANT BARRIER, LOW E GLASS INSULATED VINYL WINDOWS. 15 SEER HVAC SYSTEM. ROOF RIDGE VENTILATION, AIR VENTS, AND A FRESH AIR SUPPLY SYSTEM.
Courtesy: Real
972-359-6250
Welcome to this charming two-story home featuring a mix of brick and craftsman-style exterior details, offering 4 bedrooms and 3.5 bathrooms in a vibrant community with access to Savannah amenities and a nearby community pool. The primary suite is conveniently located on the first floor, while three additional bedrooms and a generous game room await upstairs, providing flexible living space for work or play. The bright open kitchen features white cabinetry, an abundance of granite countertops space, a large island with seating space, and stainless steel appliances, flowing seamlessly into the open living and dining areas. Vaulted ceilings and tall windows fill the living room with natural light, and a corner fireplace adds warmth and character. The primary suite features large windows and access to the primary bath that is complete with a soaking tub, separate shower, dual vanities, linen closet and a spacious walk-in closet. Enjoy outdoor living with a covered patio, retractable awning, and a sizable backyard complete with a storage shed, offering both relaxation and utility. Additional highlights include a two-car garage, wood flooring in main areas, and neutral finishes throughout, ready for personal touches. Located near schools, parks, and major roads for easy commuting.
Courtesy: Coldwell Banker Realty Frisco
972-712-8500
Welcome to 8008 Gallup Drive — a well-maintained four bedroom, two bath home perfectly positioned to enjoy peaceful Texas sunsets right from your front yard. Situated on a spacious lot with no neighbors behind you, the large backyard offers added privacy and room to relax or play. Inside, you’ll find a warm and inviting layout designed for comfort and functionality. Just a half-mile walk to the community pool, this home provides both tranquility and convenience. Whether you're enjoying quiet evenings under the stars or meeting neighbors at the pool, this home is the perfect place to settle in and enjoy life in Aubrey.
Courtesy: United Real Estate
972-372-0590
Welcome to this beautifully designed 3-bedroom, 2-bathroom home located at 1137 Vernon Drive in the sought-after Winn Ridge community of Aubrey, Texas. Built in 2021, this single-story residence offers 1,532 sq ft of thoughtfully planned living space, ideal for modern families and those who love to entertain. **Sellers are highly motivated—bring your offers!** Key Features: Open Concept Living: The spacious layout seamlessly connects the living, dining, and kitchen areas, creating a welcoming environment for gatherings and daily living. Modern Kitchen: Equipped with sleek granite countertops, white cabinetry, stainless steel appliances, and a convenient kitchen island, this kitchen is both functional and stylish. Private Study: A dedicated study space offers versatility for remote work, hobbies, or additional storage needs. Owner's Suite Retreat: The primary bedroom features a walk-in closet and an en-suite bathroom with a garden tub and separate shower, providing a relaxing escape. Community Amenities: Residents of Winn Ridge enjoy access to a community pool and playground, perfect for outdoor recreation and socializing. Convenience: Situated just minutes from shopping, dining, and major roadways, providing easy access to all that Aubrey and the surrounding areas have to offer. Don’t miss out—motivated sellers are ready to make a deal! This home is a perfect blend of modern design, comfort, and community living. Schedule your private showing today!
Aubrey is located in Texas. Aubrey, Texas has a population of 5,229. Aubrey is less family-centric than the surrounding county with 33.49% of the households containing married families with children. The county average for households married with children is 40.87%.
The median household income in Aubrey, Texas is $74,216. The median household income for the surrounding county is $96,265 compared to the national median of $69,021. The median age of people living in Aubrey is 35.5 years.
The average high temperature in July is 95.8 degrees, with an average low temperature in January of 31.9 degrees. The average rainfall is approximately 39.9 inches per year, with 1.2 inches of snow per year.
