Grand-scale luxury on 3.77 acres w/the potential to split & build! This Okemos estate comes complete with sweeping pond views and a custom brick & stone facade. It delivers a main-floor primary suite, finished walkout w/second kitchen, smart technology, a new roof in 2026 & newly installed A/C - just one month old! An arched entry opens to a two-story great room w/curved wall of windows, illuminated circular tray ceiling, marble-surround gas fireplace, rich woodwork & open staircase w/upper gallery. The kitchen features an oversized granite island, extensive custom cabinetry, double ovens, Wolf induction cooktop & Bosch dishwasher. A voice-controlled Moen faucet dispenses precise water quantities at your requested temperature. A sunlit breakfast nook & formal dining room offer casual & elegant dining. The main-floor primary suite offers dual walk-in closets, a spa tub & heated porcelain bathroom floors. A main-floor guest suite, dedicated office, generous upstairs bedrooms & expansive bonus room offer flexibility. The finished walkout lives like a second residence with 10-foot ceilings, a full second kitchen, gas fireplace, rec space & exercise room. Brazilian Ipe decking w/iron railings overlooks the grounds, complemented by brick paver walkways, an oversized patio, fire pit & outdoor spa. A commercial-grade boiler powers 19-zone radiant floor heating for quiet, individually controlled comfort. Features include 2x6 construction, Andersen windows & Hunter Douglas shades. Built-in interior & deck speakers connect to included Alexa devices for voice-controlled music in one room or throughout the home. Pond-fed irrigation waters the grounds. The included Yarbo robotic groundskeeper autonomously mows, trims edges and clears driveway snow with interchangeable attachments. A John Deere riding mower is also included. Less yard work. More time to enjoy your acreage! Request the complete feature & upgrade list, then experience the setting, scale & craftsmanship in person.
Courtesy: RE/MAX Real Estate Professionals
517-321-8255
LAND CONTRACT AVAILABLE! A rare opportunity in desirable Tacoma Hills, this sprawling mid-century ranch offers exceptional space, character and flexible financing. Featuring 4 oversized bedrooms and 3.5 baths, the home provides an impressive amount of living space with all bedrooms conveniently located on one level. Highlights include hardwood floors, a distinctive stone-floor entry, expansive living areas and abundant storage. The huge basement with a full bath offers even more possibilities for recreation, entertaining, a home gym or additional living space. Outside, enjoy a large fenced backyard with plenty of room for pets, gatherings and outdoor living. If you've been looking for a substantial Okemos home with character, space and financing options, this one deserves another look!
Courtesy: EXP Realty - Haslett
269-600-4397
Located in the desirable Okemos school district, this 4-bedroom, 2.5-bathroom home offers comfortable living spaces, thoughtful functionality, and a spacious backyard. Step inside to a bright living room filled with natural light, followed by a formal dining room overlooking the backyard. The open kitchen features a convenient island and flows into a secondary dining area, creating an inviting space for everyday meals and entertaining. A sliding glass door leads to the back deck, offering the perfect spot to enjoy your morning coffee or take in the backyard. The adjacent living space features a cozy fireplace and provides additional flexibility for relaxing or gathering. Main-level laundry adds convenience to the daily routine. Upstairs, you'll find all four bedrooms, including a spacious primary suite complete with a walk-in closet and an ensuite bathroom featuring a double vanity. Move-in ready and designed for everyday comfort, this home offers the space and versatility to suit your lifestyle for years to come. Come see all this Okemos home has to offer!
Courtesy: Coldwell Banker Professionals -Okemos
517-349-4406
Fabulous light and bright open floor plan featuring over 2400 sq ft of living space situated on a spectacular private lot with wooded views that backs onto the Sander Nature Preserve. The gracious foyer leads you to the lovely livingroom with vaulted ceiling and big picture window overlooking the beautiful backyard. Livingroom opens into the formal dining room with vaulted ceiling and gleaming hardwood floors. A cozy two-way fireplace can be enjoyed in both the livingroom and formal dining room. The Study or in home office features a built-in bookcase and cabinets. A third full bath is adjacent to the study. Kitchen offers ample countertop space and cabinets, including a sizeable pantry cabinet. Range hood vents to the outside. Informal eating area with windows overlooks the private backyard with wooded views. Primary bedroom with sliding door to enjoy the lovely backyard view. Adjacent primary updated bath. Second bedroom with bay window and window seat with storage. Third bedroom with bay window. Updated full main bath with tub shower. Lower level offers an additional spacious finished room with double closets and built in bookcase. Backyard is adjacent to the Sander Nature Preserve with nature trails. New roof 2020. Home is located near restaurants, grocery stores, coffee shop, shopping and more. Short commute to MSU, Delta Dental and Jackson National Life.
Courtesy: Berkshire Hathaway HomeServices
517-351-3617
Welcome to this move-in-ready, tastefully updated home offering full access to the acclaimed Okemos Public Schools district! Enjoy incredible neighborhood proximity to Cornell Elementary, which is currently undergoing a complete reconstruction to open a brand-new, state-of-the-art facility in 2028! Situated on a spacious half-acre lot, this 1999-built property combines traditional formal spaces with modern upgrades, ensuring comfort and functionality. Main Level Includes: Kitchen equipped with premium granite countertops, an expansive center island with seating, and ample cabinetry storage, formal dining and formal living rooms. Family Room highlights 9-foot ceilings and a wood-burning fireplace, creating an inviting central gathering area. Generous floor plan featuring 5bedrooms (4 located on the upper level and 1 in the finished lower level) along with 3 full bathrooms and 1 half bathroom. Finished Basement offers large recreation room, an additional bedroom with daylight window and a full bathroom, perfect for guest quarters ora home office. Recent Improvements: New flooring throughout all bedrooms for a fresh, clean look (2026), brand-new energy-efficient windows and patio sliding doors (2023), complete tear-off roof (2017). The spacious, natural wooded backyard offers a serene backdrop for the durable Trex composite deck and a large 20' x 20' concrete patio, perfectly designed for outdoor entertainment, and summer gatherings. This home includes a comprehensive One-Year Home Shield Plus Warranty for complete peace of mind. Occupancy at closing. Reserve items as noted on Seller's Disclosures.
Courtesy: Mazzola and Company Real Estate
517-246-3101
Courtesy: RE/MAX Real Estate Professionals
517-321-8255
Welcome to this spacious 5 bedroom home located in the desirable Okemos School District! Situated on just over half an acre, this property offers plenty of space both inside and out. This home features spacious rooms with newer finishes throughout, including fresh paint, New flooring, New Bathroom vanities, New cabinets, Kitchen sink & a New Roof August 2026! The sewer line was also replaced a few years ago, from the home to the mainline out front. A finished lower level with 2 additional bedrooms with egress windows, large living space with beamed ceilings and a fireplace add additional value and living space to this home. There is a beautiful sunroom off the back of the home, leading to the large backyard where you will find plenty of space for gardening, recreation or entertaining. This home offers an excellent opportunity to make it your own and is conveniently located near schools, shopping, dining, and everyday amenities. Minutes from the Meridian Mall, Michigan State University & more!
Courtesy: Century 21 Affiliated
517-887-0800
Welcome to 141 Twin Ponds — a beautifully maintained home offering the perfect blend of comfort, style, and privacy on 2.58 scenic acres with the advantage of an Okemos address and lower Williamston Township taxes, all within the highly desirable Williamston School District. Surrounded by peaceful wilderness views, this spacious residence features elevated ceilings and a thoughtfully designed floor plan that strikes the perfect balance between formal living spaces and open-concept gathering areas. Step inside to discover bright interiors filled with natural light, elegant entertaining spaces, and a well-appointed kitchen featuring ample cabinetry, modern appliances, a desirable walk-in pantry, and a large informal eating area with direct access to the deck — perfect for everyday dining and indoor-outdoor entertaining. A formal dining room located at the front of the home provides an elegant setting for holiday gatherings and special occasions. The inviting living room is anchored by a beautiful fireplace, creating a warm and welcoming atmosphere. With a total of 5 bedrooms and 4.5 baths, this home offers exceptional flexibility and space for both everyday living and hosting guests. The generous primary suite provides a relaxing retreat complete with a private bath and dual walk-in closets, while a second en suite bedroom located at the end of the hall offers added privacy and comfort for family members or visitors. Designed with everyday functionality in mind, the home also features a convenient mud room adjoining the side entry and garage access, complete with a half bath, walk-in closet, and first-floor laundry area — creating the perfect drop zone for busy households. The fully finished basement expands the living space even further, featuring a stylish bar area, additional recreation space, and a rare 4th full bathroom — ideal for entertaining guests, hosting game nights, or creating the perfect home retreat. Outside, enjoy your own private backyard oasis with a large deck overlooking the natural surroundings, complete with an 8-person hot tub perfect for year-round relaxation. The professionally landscaped grounds are enhanced by an underground sprinkler system, making outdoor upkeep effortless. Located just minutes from shopping, dining, parks, and Michigan State University, this exceptional property combines luxury, functionality, and serene country living with convenient access to everything the area has to offer. Generac whole-house generator. 3 zoned heating/cooling.
Courtesy: RE/MAX Real Estate Professionals Dewitt
517-669-8118
A RARE OPPORTUNITY IN OKEMOS SCHOOLS! This spacious 5-bedroom, 3.5-bath home offers over 4,400 square feet of finished living space, nearly an acre of property, incredible privacy, and the opportunity to build instant equity with some cosmetic updates! Tucked away at the end of a quiet dead-end neighborhood and surrounded by mature trees and woods, the setting feels private and peaceful while still offering an unbeatable Okemos location. Inside, you'll find an incredible amount of space and a floor plan with so much potential. The large living room features a cozy fireplace, while the kitchen offers a center island, plenty of cabinetry and great storage. A formal dining area is a great place to gather. Four bedrooms are conveniently located on the main level, including a spacious primary suite with its own private en suite bath. Upstairs, a huge addition creates an entirely separate living area with a loft, additional bedroom and full bathroom! There's also a fantastic bonus space above the garage that could be finished and become a home gym, art studio, office, playroom or whatever fits your lifestyle. The finished lower level adds even more living space with a family room, workshop area and a wet bar that's perfect for entertaining and gathering with friends and family. The backyard is SO private, and is surrounded by mature trees, a perfect outdoor oasis. Move in now and update over time! With over 4,400 finished square feet, 5 bedrooms, 3.5 baths, nearly an acre, a wooded private setting and Okemos Schools, this home offers the space, location and potential that are incredibly hard to find at this price! Call for your personal tour today!
Courtesy: Century 21 Affiliated
517-887-0800
Good things come in small packages! Just some of the MANY fine features in this unassuming all brick, 3 bedrm. Ranch include hardwood floors, a recently remodeled full bathroom, new kitchen with corian counters, new high end washer, dryer, refrigerator and dishwasher. Perfectly peaceful fenced-in front and backyards with the rear area boasting mature evergreens, a fire pit, storage shed & undeveloped adjoining land to ensure privacy. A surprisingly spacious, reconfigured garage offers parking for 3 vehicles. The combination of indoor and outdoor features makes this property an amazing value given the location, school system and proximity to Grand River Ave., Whole Foods, Trader Joe's, MSU, and all that E. Lansing and Okemos have to offer! Make it yours.
Courtesy: Coldwell Banker Professionals-Delta
517-321-1000
Completely remodeled and move-in ready with almost 3000 ft.² of finished living space in The Shoals! Welcome to 1199 Leeward Dr, an absolutely breathtaking two-story Contemporary home in one of the most desired neighborhoods in Okemos School District. Four bedrooms, 2 1/2 bathrooms, and a fully fenced sanctuary of a backyard with multiple gardens and privacy trees, all of which have been meticulously cared for. Gourmet eat-in kitchen with cherry cabinets, granite countertops, and like-new hardwood flooring. New carpet in both main level living spaces and all throughout the second floor. Both full bathrooms, one in the main hallway and the other an on-suite from the primary bedroom, have just this month undergone top-to-bottom makeovers and are sparkling new just for you! All of this coupled with a fantastic location, updated big-ticket mechanical items and roof, and a perfect layout mean you need to call on this one ASAP!
Courtesy: Berkshire Hathaway HomeServices
517-351-3617
NEW FURNACE AND NEW HOT WATER HEATER! Rare Opportunity: Charming 1958 Classic in Okemos - Under $300k! Step into this meticulously maintained home, where classic mid-century character meets modern peace of mind. This rare find welcomes you with a light-filled foyer and an expansive formal living space that flows seamlessly into a private dining area perfect for entertaining. Enjoy evening relaxation with easy access to your rear deck via convenient sliding doors. The heart of the home is a generous family room, boasting soaring vaulted ceilings and custom built-ins that add both style and utility. Whether you're utilizing the charming retro-chic eat-in kitchen or retreating to one of the four spacious bedrooms, this home offers comfort and timeless appeal. Key updates provide incredible value: a newer roof (2021), a reliable furnace (2018), and the foundation, professionally leveled in 2023 with a transferable lifetime warranty. Situated on a private, serene .35-acre lot, the backyard is a quiet oasis waiting for your personal touch. You'll also love the expansive 3-car garage, which includes extra storage and room for an oversized vehicle. With the washer and dryer included and a clean, dry basement perfect for a recreation space, this home is truly turnkey. Don't miss out on this incredible value in a sought-after location!
Courtesy: 1st Choice Real Estate
517-410-6750
Discover comfortable living and unbeatable outdoor entertaining at 1600 Hillside Drive! Tucked away on a tranquil, tree-lined street in Forest Hill, this well-maintained home offers the perfect balance of functional interior spaces and outdoor relaxation. Key Features & Highlights: Backyard Haven: Private, fully fenced yard with a sparkling in-ground pool, sunny deck, and mature trees—your ideal retreat all summer long. Main Floor Living: Bright and inviting living room featuring a cozy gas-log fireplace, rich natural woodwork, and separate formal dining. Flexible Lower Level: Finished basement space featuring a flexible layout—perfect for a home office, media room, or play area. Bedrooms & Baths: 3 spacious upper-level bedrooms with ample natural light and clean full/half bath setups. Prime Location: Award-winning Okemos School District, minutes to dining, shopping, parks, Michigan State University, and major commuter routes. Schedule your private tour today to experience everything this Okemos gem has to offer!
Courtesy: RE/MAX Real Estate Professionals
517-321-8255
Okemos Public Schools! Buildable 1-13 acre home. Site located in Sancuary subdivision. This 4 bedroom/2.3 bath, 1.5 story plan offers 1t floor living with a primary ensuite including a large walk-in closet. A spacious tub, double vanity, walk-in showers and private stool room. The entertaining area is open to the kitchen featuring and 8 foot island, walk-in pantry and laundry room adjacent with quartz countertops and a mudroom leading to the 3 car garage. Upstairs are 3 bedrooms & a full bath. The basement allows for a future full bath, bedroom and rec room totaling 840 sq feet.
Courtesy: Coldwell Banker Professionals -Okemos
517-349-4406
Welcome to 1791 Elk Ln in Okemos -Situated in the highly sought after Spring Lake subdivision which provides access to many incredible community features such as picturesque walking trails / boardwalks set in natural areas, picnic tables, tennis and basketball courts, and a fishing/ice skating lake. Resort style living right in the heart of Okemos! This custom built ranch style home has a main level primary and laundry, large kitchen, finished basement and a huge deck that has a great view of the yard backing up to the natural/wooded area. 4 beds, 3 full baths. The whole house has such a flexible and functional layout with custom built quality and other great features like hardwood floors, updated basement flooring and updated carpeting throughout. Very clean move in ready condition.
Courtesy: Five Star Real Estate - Lansing
517-507-0068
Courtesy: RE/MAX Real Estate Professionals
517-321-8255
Welcome to one of the cutest houses in Okemos Schools! Located in the desirable Ottawa Hills neighborhood, this charming Cape Cod offers an ideal location near shopping, schools, dining, and entertainment, plus fantastic curb appeal with classic dormers, a bay window, and a breezeway connecting the home to the two-car garage. Out back, the massive fully fenced yard offers plenty of room to play, garden, entertain, or simply spread out. Step inside to a welcoming foyer with the formal dining room to the left and spacious living room to the right. Beautiful birch floors flow through both rooms and continue into the oversized family room, where built-in bookshelves flank a gas fireplace and sunny south-facing windows fill the space with natural light. Just beyond, a screened porch offers the perfect spot for summer dinners, morning coffee, or even the cat-io you've always wanted! The spacious kitchen features an island for additional prep space, loads of cabinetry and counter space, and all appliances remain with the home. A full bathroom on the main floor adds extra convenience. Upstairs, classic Cape Cod character shines with angled ceilings and cozy nooks throughout the three bedrooms. The beautifully renovated hallway bathroom feels fresh and updated, while the primary suite includes its own private full bathroom for a total of three full baths in the home. Please note that the sink in the primary bathroom is not currently functioning. The partially finished basement provides even more flexible living space along with plenty of storage. Additional features include central air, a two-car garage, and a breezeway that is just waiting to become the ultimate mudroom and drop zone. With charming architectural details, flexible living spaces, an enormous fenced yard, and a fantastic Okemos Schools location, this one is every bit as cute as it looks!
Courtesy: Coldwell Banker Professionals -Okemos
517-349-4406
Welcome to this spacious detached ranch-style condo offering a comfortable, open floor plan with 3 bedrooms plus a den and 3 full baths. The inviting great room features vaulted ceilings, a wood-burning fireplace, and a wall of windows that fills the space with natural light. The generously sized kitchen includes an eat-in area and flows into the formal dining room, where a sliding door leads to the deck—perfect for relaxing or entertaining while enjoying the pleasant backyard setting. The main level also offers convenient first-floor laundry with washer and dryer and an attached 2-car garage. The finished lower level provides even more living space, including a bedroom/office and full bath—ideal for guests, a home office, or recreation area. Located in the popular Woodhill Association, residents enjoy access to two swimming pools, basketball courts, and tennis courts. Conveniently located just minutes from Michigan State University, East Lansing, Okemos, shopping, dining, and I-96. A wonderful combination of space, convenience, and low-maintenance condo living! Association fee covers ALL exterior maintenance, including roof. Great value.
Courtesy: Coldwell Banker Professionals-Delta
517-321-1000
Fabulous ranch on beautiful lot. Formal/informal living & dining rooms. Huge primary suite! Newer stainless-steel refrigerator, dishwasher & stackable washer/dryer. Newer Anderson sliding glass doors in family room & primary bedroom. Newer flooring, newer ceiling fans in primary/2nd bedrooms & family room. Interior painted & crown molding throughout! Cast iron wood-burning fireplace & central air. Two car garage & covered driveway open-air shed, plus additional shed. Replaced chimney flashing 2026. Large attic (runs length of house) with pull down steps from garage. Newer front-facing fence with 10ft gate. Oversized deck, power washed & ready to stain. Indian Hills subdivision, Snow removal: sidewalks are plowed. Great location! Okemos schools! Easy to show! Move in ready!
Courtesy: Coldwell Banker Professionals -Okemos
517-349-4406
Welcome to 3663 Fairhills Dr. in Okemos! This spacious 6-bedroom, 4.5-bathroom home offers 4,169 sqft of total finished living space. The inviting three-season room adds 198 sqft of additional space and is the perfect spot to relax and enjoy the changing seasons. Inside, you'll find a cozy gas fireplace, a daylight finished basement with convenient walkout access, and a layout designed for comfortable everyday living and entertaining. Outside, the 3-car garage provides plenty of room for vehicles, storage, and more. Located in the highly sought-after Okemos School District and offering beach & pond views, this home is a wonderful opportunity to enjoy space, comfort, and a great location all in one! Level and room measurements are estimates per board requirements.
Distinctive, sophisticated, and thoroughly reimagined, this Okemos home delivers the best of both worlds: the solid foundation of a 2010 build paired with the polish and character of an almost entirely transformed interior. From the moment you step inside, the extensive renovation is evident, with contemporary finishes, thoughtful enhancements, and an array of smart-home features woven seamlessly throughout. The bathrooms have been elevated with smart mirrors, smart toilets, and blutooth speakers, bringing an unexpected touch of luxury to everyday living. Downstairs, the completely reimagined basement dramatically expands the home's versatility, offering generous additional living space along with a bedroom ideal for guests, a private retreat, or a flexible work-from-home arrangement. Everywhere you look, the emphasis is on comfort, functionality, and modern sophistication - it has been thoughtfully reinvented for the way today's homeowners live.
Courtesy: Coldwell Banker Professionals -Okemos
517-349-4406
Welcome to 1817 Elk Lane in Okemos! Situated in the highly sought after Spring Lake subdivision which provides access to many incredible community features such as picturesque walking trails / boardwalks set in natural areas, picnic tables, tennis and basketball courts, and a fishing/ice skating lake. Endless enjoyment included! The house is set on a beautiful, natural lot with tons of privacy. 5 Beds, 4 baths, finished walkout basement. Don't miss our marketing packet which includes a list of over $140,000 in updates - All NEW Pella windows! New exterior paint! Deep garage with new stylish doors! So much more. The house shows incredibly and has been extremely well cared for.
Courtesy: RE/MAX Real Estate Professionals Dewitt
517-669-8118
Some homes simply feel special the moment you walk through the door, and this is one of them! Full of warmth, charm, and thoughtful updates, this beautiful ranch offers the perfect combination of character and modern comfort. Original hardwood floors have been lovingly refinished, adding timeless beauty throughout the home, while the completely updated gorgeous kitchen is both stylish and functional with stone countertops and an inviting space to gather with family and friends. Step outside and you will discover one of the home's true highlights, a wonderful, covered deck with newer Trex decking in the center of the fenced backyard that is perfect for summer barbecues, gardening, or simply enjoying a peaceful evening outdoors. Every improvement has been made with care, including a newer roof, driveway, air conditioner, appliances, garage door, and opener, plus the added convenience of an electric vehicle charging outlet. Located in the award-winning Okemos School District and just minutes from Michigan State University, shopping, dining, parking, and everyday conveniences, this home offers more than just a place to live—it offers a place to truly feel at home. If you have been looking for a property that has been carefully updated and is move right in ready, this is one you will not want to miss!
Courtesy: White Pine Sotheby's International Realty
517-777-8224
A Schroeder-built ranch set well back from the street, this three-bedroom, two-and-a-half-bath home in the Okemos school district offers comfortable single-level living with room to breathe. A turnaround drive makes coming and going effortless, while the deep setback and large backyard lend a real sense of privacy. Inside, the living room anchors the main level with a fireplace and a bay window that draws in afternoon light. The spacious kitchen and eating area feature cherry cabinetry with neutral countertops and flooring, and a slider opens directly to a rebuilt deck — an easy step out for grilling and warm-weather dining. The primary bedroom offers dual closets and an en suite bath with a step-in shower; a second full bath includes a tub-shower combination in the same neutral palette From the foyer, an open staircase descends to an expansive finished lower level, brightened by numerous daylight windows and recessed lighting set into a plaster ceiling. Here the home opens up for entertaining: a large gathering space, a bar, and a full second kitchen make holiday dinners and casual get-togethers equally easy. A half bath completes the level, which functions comfortably as a full second living area. Painted throughout in neutral tones, the home is ready to move into as-is or to take a decorator's touch. Recent updates include a new deck in 2024 and a newly installed dishwasher.
Courtesy: RE/MAX Real Estate Professionals
517-321-8255
Stunning, immaculately kept stand alone condo in Bennett Village! Peaceful and easy living awaits in this 3 bedroom, 2.5 bath home with a fully finished daylight lower level, 3 seasons room and a large deck with panoramic views of a lovely wooded area; with all the 'extras' you could imagine. You're going to fall in love from the moment you step onto the front porch. The semi open floor plan is an incredibly striking yet warm and welcoming space with 9 ft ceilings, expansive windows bringing in natural light, crown moulding, and Visual Comfort light fixtures. The office features built in bookcases and french doors. The kitchen has SS appliances, quartz countertops, soft close technology on the cabinets as well as Emtech crystal cabinet pulls. A cozy seating area surrounded in a nickel gap wall treatment is the perfect place for your morning coffee. The master suite offers more wooded views with dbl vanity, separate commode, walk in shower, and a large walk in closet. The light and bright lower level offers an exercise/hobby room, living room, 3rd bedroom, full bathroom and a generously sized storage room with many built in shelves and pegboard for organization. This home was completely painted, and had all new carpeting in 2024. Main level laundry. Generator included. Very quiet and low traffic cul de sac.
Okemos is located in Michigan. Okemos, Michigan has a population of 25,179. Okemos is more family-centric than the surrounding county with 45.18% of the households containing married families with children. The county average for households married with children is 28.45%.
The median household income in Okemos, Michigan is $83,019. The median household income for the surrounding county is $58,226 compared to the national median of $69,021. The median age of people living in Okemos is 34.1 years.
The average high temperature in July is 82.4 degrees, with an average low temperature in January of 16.6 degrees. The average rainfall is approximately 32.3 inches per year, with 43.8 inches of snow per year.
